Millennium Development Goals    1990 1995 2000 2005 2011 Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) 62 62 61 61 60 Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) 52 50 46 45 43 GDP per person employed (constant 1990 PPP $) 11,845 12,594 13,873 15,664 18,461 Income share held by lowest 20% .. .. .. .. .. Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5) 25 23 20 18 16 Poverty gap at $1.25 a day (PPP) (%) .. .. .. .. .. Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population) .. .. .. .. .. Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) .. .. .. .. .. Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24) 79 .. 84 .. 87 Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24) 88 .. 90 .. 92 Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort) .. .. .. .. .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 80 81 82 86 90 Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary (% of primary school age children) 82 82 85 89 91 Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 13 12 14 16 20 Ratio of female to male primary enrollment (%) 88 91 93 95 98 Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment (%) 83 87 92 95 97 Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment (%) 90 95 100 105 108 Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector (% of total nonagricultural employment) 34.6 36.7 37.2 .. .. Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 73 74 72 77 85 Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) 61 58 51 44 37 Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) 87 82 73 63 51 Goal 5: Improve maternal health Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) .. 68 63 57 53 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. .. 60 .. 66 Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15-49) 58 .. 61 .. .. Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births) 400 360 320 260 210 Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%) .. .. 70 .. 81 Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15-49) .. .. .. .. .. Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases Children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs (% of children under age 5 with fever) .. .. .. .. .. Condom use, population ages 15-24, female (% of females ages 15-24) .. .. .. .. .. Condom use, population ages 15-24, male (% of males ages 15-24) .. .. .. .. .. Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people) 147 148 148 142 125 Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24) .. .. .. .. .. Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24) .. .. .. .. .. Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms) 48 40 41 56 67 Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP) 1 1 1 1 0 CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 4 4 4 5 5 Forest area (% of land area) 32.1 .. 31.4 31.2 31.0 Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access) 47 51 56 60 63 Improved water source (% of population with access) 76 79 83 86 88 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 5 6 8 10 10 Net ODA received per capita (current US$) 11 10 8 17 19 Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development Debt service (PPG and IMF only, % of exports of goods, services and primary income) .. .. .. .. .. Internet users (per 100 people) 0.0 0.8 6.7 15.8 32.7 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0 2 12 34 85 Telephone lines (per 100 people) 10 12 16 19 17 Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 3 3 3 3 2 Other GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) 4,078 5,065 5,278 7,110 9,514 GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions) 21,595.5 28,947.5 32,289.2 46,237.6 66,354.3 Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 23.4 22.3 22.3 21.8 19.9 Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 65 66 67 68 70 Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) 76 .. 82 .. 84 Population, total (billions) 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.5 7.0 Trade (% of GDP) 38.7 42.4 49.5 53.6 59.1 Source: World Development Indicators